therefore, both hoards were deposited before the Roman advance upon Caledonia. Have we then here at Newstead in these horse-trappings, an indication similar to that already noted in the sword-guards, that by the second century—perhaps under the influence of contact with Roman civilisation—the characteristic forms of Late Celtic metal work were beginning to lose something of their lightness and delicacy?

A Terra Cotta

The solitary example of a Roman Terra Cotta which came to light in the course of the excavations may be included to complete this chapter. It consists of a figure of a horse, a stout cob-like animal, standing 6¾ inches high, moulded in fine white terra cotta (Plate LXXIII., Fig. 9). It was found in Pit XCII. Originally a second horse stood beside it, but all that remains of this are the legs and tail. The two horses were evidently joined together by a yoke, the end of which may be seen resting on the neck of the figure that has survived. The stand which forms a base is complete, and there is no trace of the attachment of any vehicle. The group doubtless served as a toy or ornament. In the Museums of France and Germany we may find many little figures moulded in the same fine white terra cotta. From this material were fashioned the figures of the gods for the household shrine and the toys of the children. In France it is believed that many of these were made near Vichy. In Germany at least one centre of such manufacture is known. Many examples came from Cologne, and these bear the names of their makers, SERVANDVS of the Colonia Claudia Augusta Agrippinensium, who sold his wares at the FORVM HORDIARVM, or LVCIVS, who worked at the CANTVNAS NOVAS.[1] Unfortunately the maker of our Newstead group has left upon it no trace by which we can identify him.

1 Lehner, 'Zur Kenntnis der römischen Terrakottafabriken in Kö1n,' Bonner Jahrbücher, Heft 110, S. 188 ff.

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