passing a small wheel over the soft clay so as to leave a series of slight parallel lines.
The cylindrical bowl was of less frequent occurrence, the number of fragments belonging to this shape being comparatively small. The decoration seemed to be usually arranged in panels. In a good specimen obtained from the ditch of the early fort (Plate XLII.) it is in arcades. In the bowls of this type belonging to the later period—portions of one or two specimens of which were obtained—the decoration was arranged in large medallions and panels. The later bowls were easily distinguishable from those of the early period by their method of decoration, and by the heavier rims. The hemispherical bowl was the common type, and that exhibits considerable variety in the ornament.
The shapes of decorated bowls probably did not alter during the earlier period; the three types already described were doubtless in use during the whole of it. In the later period, the carinated bowl had disappeared; the cylindrical bowl was rare, and had become much coarser and heavier; the hemispherical type was almost universal. The decoration of the earlier hemispherical bowls is, for the most part, in what is known as the 'transition' style. The arrangement of ornament in double zones, characteristic of the carinated bowls, continued to be employed on the hemispherical bowls. The leafy scrolls are elegant and graceful. The lower margin of the decorative band usually terminates in a wreath. We have also the division of the surface into panels or metopes in which figures are introduced,—scenes from gladiatorial shows, animals and birds. The filling up of these panels with lines of arrow points, and the use of the cruciform motive, a pattern resembling the St. Andrew's Cross, in its more graceful forms, are also characteristic. The borders inserted to define the decorative band are distinctive, and they occur much more frequently now than they do in the later pottery. In Plate XL., Fig. 13, we have a bowl from Pit LXIII, showing one of the earlier forms of decoration. Like the later bowl figured beside it (Fig. 14), it is comparatively small in size. In the later period the graceful scrolls of the early bowls have disappeared. Decoration in panels, however, survives. Large medallions containing figures as in Fig. 14 are common, as also large wreaths enclosing medallions and figures. A few specimens mark the introduction of the style known as 'free decoration,' in which figures of men and animals are scattered over the surface without any surrounding framework.
The early pottery is on the whole thinner and finer than the later. The
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